AFT1 / YGL071W Overview
- Standard Name
- AFT1 1
- Systematic Name
- YGL071W
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000003039
- Aliases
- RCS1 9
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- Description
- Transcription factor involved in iron utilization and homeostasis; binds consensus site PyPuCACCCPu and activates transcription in response to changes in iron availability; in iron-replete conditions localization is regulated by Grx3p, Grx4p, and Fra2p, and promoter binding is negatively regulated via Grx3p-Grx4p binding; AFT1 has a paralog, AFT2, that arose from the whole genome duplication; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
- Name Description
- Activator of Ferrous Transport 1
- Paralog
- AFT2 6
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
- Summary
- AFT1/YGL071W is located on the left arm of chromosome VII between HSF1 heat shock transcription factor and RPB9 RNA polymerase II subunit; coding sequence is 2073 nucleotides long with 19 SNPs, 12 of which cause amino acid polymorphisms; AFT1 has a paralog, AFT2, that arose from the whole genome duplication
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi | CGD Synteny Browser
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
- Summary
- Aft1p is 690 amino acids long, low in abundance; phosphorylated on 15 residues; relative distribution to the nucleus increases upon DNA replication stress
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
View all AFT1 alleles in SGD search
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor that regulates chromatid cohesion, chromosome segregation, and cellular iron homeostasis; localizes to the cytoplasm, nucleus, and kinetochores
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
- enables cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (IDA)
- enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (IDA)
- enables kinetochore binding (IDA)
- enables zinc ion binding (RCA)
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in cardiolipin metabolic process (IMP)
- involved in cellular response to iron ion starvation (IMP)
- involved in chromosome segregation (IMP)
- involved in establishment of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion (IMP)
- involved in meiotic chromosome segregation (IMP)
- involved in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (IMP)
- involved in positive regulation of iron ion transport (IMP)
- involved in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (IDA, IMP)
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Non-essential gene in reference strain S288C; null mutant displays a decreased growth rate, reduced competitive fitness and respiratory growth defects; null mutant is sensitive to metals, alkaline pH, and a variety of chemicals; null mutant displays chromosome instability, has decreased cell size and delayed progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle; ovexpression and constitutively active alleles also display decreased growth rates
Classical Genetics
- null
- alkaline pH resistance: decreased
- chemical compound accumulation: decreased
- chemical compound accumulation: increased
- chronological lifespan: decreased
- colony sectoring: increased
- growth in exponential phase: decreased
- metal resistance: decreased
- metal resistance: increased
- mitochondrial morphology: abnormal
- protein activity: decreased
- protein/peptide accumulation: decreased
- protein/peptide accumulation: increased
- resistance to chemicals: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: increased
- RNA accumulation: absent
- small molecule transport: decreased
- overexpression
- activation
- null
- alkaline pH resistance: decreased
- cell cycle progression in G1 phase: delayed
- cell size: decreased
- chemical compound accumulation: abnormal
- chemical compound accumulation: decreased
- chemical compound accumulation: increased
- chromosome/plasmid maintenance: decreased
- colony sectoring: increased
- competitive fitness: decreased
- competitive fitness: increased
- hyperosmotic stress resistance: decreased
- metal resistance: decreased
- mitophagy: increased
- oxidative stress resistance: decreased
- replicative lifespan: increased
- resistance to chemicals: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: increased
- respiratory growth: absent
- respiratory growth: decreased rate
- respiratory growth: increased
- utilization of carbon source: decreased
- utilization of iron source: decreased
- UV resistance: decreased
- vacuolar morphology: abnormal
- vegetative growth: decreased
- vegetative growth: decreased rate
- viable
- overexpression
Large-scale Survey
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
- Summary
- Aft1p interacts physically with proteins involved in transcription; AFT1 interacts genetically with genes involved in transcription; the aft1 null mutant is viable; the null mutant of paralog aft2 is viable; the aft1 aft2 double mutant is inviable or displays a growth defect.
445 total interactions for 329 unique genes
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
- Summary
- AFT1 and AFT2 encode paralogous low-iron-sensing transcriptional activators that regulate the expression of iron uptake and storage genes. Aft1p and Aft2p activate gene expression under iron-deficient conditions by binding to the same promoter elements, containing 5'-RCACCC-3' motifs. Aft1p is considered the primary regulator of iron homeostasis, but Aft2 can partially compensate for the loss of Aft1. The activities of Aft1p and Aft2p are regulated by monothiol glutaredoxins Grx3p and Grx4p, and exportin Msn5p. Aft1p cycles between the nucleus and cytosol, favoring cytosolic localization under iron-replete conditions, which induce multimerization of Aft1p/2p and favor export from the nucleus via interaction with the exportin Msn5p. Under low-iron conditions, Aft1p and Aft2p accumulates in the nucleus where it binds to and activates genes involved in iron uptake, transport, and storage, known collectively as the iron regulon.
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Summary Paragraph
A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.
Last Updated: 2024-06-26
All Curated Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, shown as a count of references by year of publication followed by the most recent papers. Click "Literature Details" or "See all" to view all literature information for this locus, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review).
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