ALG1 / YBR110W Overview
- Standard Name
- ALG1 1
- Systematic Name
- YBR110W
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000000314
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- EC Number
- 2.4.1.142
- Description
- Mannosyltransferase; involved in asparagine-linked glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER); essential for viability; human homolog ALG1 complements yeast null mutant 2 3 4 5 6
- Name Description
- Asparagine-Linked Glycosylation 1
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
- Summary
- ALG1/YBR110W is located on the right arm of chromosome II, coding sequence is 1350 nucleotides long with 3 nonsynonymous SNPs
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi | CGD Synteny Browser
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
View all ALG1 alleles in SGD search
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Beta-1,4-mannosyltransferase that transfers a mannose residue to an oligosaccharide; involved in protein glycosylation and the assembly of oligosaccharide-lipid intermediates; localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in dolichol-linked oligosaccharide biosynthetic process (IMP, RCA)
- involved in protein N-linked glycosylation (IMP)
Cellular Component
- Manually Curated
- is active in cytosol (RCA)
- located in endoplasmic reticulum (IPI)
Metabolic Pathways
Metabolic Pathways annotations describe biochemical pathways involving this gene product in small molecule metabolism. These annotations connect gene products to specific metabolic reactions, substrates, and products within larger metabolic networks. Metabolic pathway data is curated from published scientific literature. Click the links to see detailed pathway diagrams on SGD's YeastPathways site for further exploration.
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Essential gene in reference strain S288C; conditional mutants are senstive to heat and impaired in invertase glycosylation; reduced function mutants show increased competitive fitness, increased sensitivity to DNA-damaging agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS); heterozygous diploid nulls are sensitive to starvation
Classical Genetics
- unspecified
- conditional
- reduction of function
- null
- conditional
- overexpression
Large-scale Survey
Disease
Disease Annotations consist of three mandatory components: a gene product, a term from the Disease Ontology (DO) controlled vocabulary and an evidence code. SGD provides manually curated DO Annotations derived from the literature. Click "Disease Details" to view all Disease information and evidence for this locus as well as diseases it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Yeast ALG1 is homologous to human ALG1, and has been used to study congenital disorders of glycosylation
Manually Curated
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
385 total interactions for 366 unique genes
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
- Summary
- ALG1 encodes a beta-1,4-mannosyltransferase involved in the first step of N-linked glycosylation of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - the assembly of the lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO), which then serves as a donor in the second step - the transfer of the oligosaccharide to asparagine residues of nascent polypeptides. The lipid component that anchors the LLO in the ER membrane is dolichol (Dol), a polyisoprenoid molecule composed in yeast of 15-16 isoprene units. The LLO assembly involves sequential additions of two N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), nine mannose (Man), and three glucose (Glc) residues. Alg1p catalyzes the third step in this process, the addition of the first Man molecule to Dol-PP-GlcNAc2, the product of two earlier steps catalyzed by UDP-GlcNAc transferases Alg7p and Alg13p-Alg14p. The subsequent steps involve the addition of two branching Man residues by an alpha-1,3- and alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase Alg2p, followed by two consecutive additions of Man by an alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase Alg11p. All these steps take place on the cytoplasmic side of the ER membrane and the product, Dol-PP-GlcNAc2-Man5, is then flipped to the ER lumen by an unknown flippase. In the ER lumen, the oligosaccharide chain is elongated by four more Man residues, catalyzed by mannosyltransferases Alg3p, Alg12p and Alg9p, and three Glc residues, catalyzed by glucosyltransferases Alg6p, Alg8p and Alg10p. The final product delivers the 14 glycan molecule to the hetero-oligomeric oligosaccharyltransferase (Ost) complex (Ost1p, Ost2p, Ost3p, Ost4p, Ost5p, Ost6p, Stt3p, Swp1p, and Wbp1p), which transfers the entire oligosaccharide chain to asparagine side chains in polypeptides. The entire process that leads to the assembly of the LLO must be strictly ordered and the order appears to be ensured by high substrate specificities of all the participating ALG enzymes. The regulation of the activities appears to occur at the level of substrate availability, and the rate-limiting factor may be the amount of Dol-P on the cytoplasmic side of the ER membrane, which seems to be primarily affected by recycling of Dol-PP released by the Ost complex. The initial steps of protein N-glycosylation are remarkably conserved in evolution and most of the yeast genes involved in this process have their known homologs in humans, many of which are implicated in severe disorders such as the CDG syndrome (congenital disorders of glycosylation) as well as congenital muscular dystrophies.
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Summary Paragraph
A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.
Last Updated: 2005-07-01
All Curated Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, shown as a count of references by year of publication followed by the most recent papers. Click "Literature Details" or "See all" to view all literature information for this locus, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review).
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