CDC42 / YLR229C Overview
- Standard Name
- CDC42 1
- Systematic Name
- YLR229C
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000004219
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- EC Number
- 3.6.5.2
- Description
- Small rho-like GTPase; essential for establishment and maintenance of cell polarity; mediates a late stage of cell fusion during conjugation, focusing and anchoring Fus2p at the zone of cell fusion to facilitate the concentrated release of cell wall remodeling enzymes; acts with ESCRT proteins at sites of nuclear envelope and ER fission; mutants are defective in the organization of both actin and septins; human homolog CDC42 can complement yeast cdc42 mutants 2 3 4 5 6
- Name Description
- Cell Division Cycle 1
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
- Summary
- CDC42 is on the right arm of chromosome XII between replication origin ARS1218 and isoleucine tRNA; dubious ORF YLR230W overlaps CDC42 on the opposite strand; coding sequence is 576 nucleotides long with 2 SNPs, 1 of which leads to an Ala/Thr amino acid polymorphism at residue 189 very near the C-terminus
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi | CGD Synteny Browser
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
- Summary
- Protein is 191 amino acids long with 5 transforming protein P21 ras signature domains; shares several domains with Rho proteins involved in cytoskeleton organization; phosphorylated at 2 residues, ubiquitinylated at 2 other residues
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
View all CDC42 alleles in SGD search
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- GTPase involved in establishment of cell polarity, bud growth, septin ring organization, and mating; involved in regulating mitotic exit, pseudohyphal growth, non-autophagic vacuole fusion, and exocytosis; localizes to the nuclear, vacuolar, and plasma membranes and also to incipient bud sites, sites of polarized growth, and the septin ring
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
- enables GTPase activity (IDA)
- enables protein binding (IPI)
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in budding cell apical bud growth (IMP)
- involved in budding cell isotropic bud growth (IMP)
- involved in conjugation with cellular fusion (IMP)
- involved in establishment of cell polarity (IMP)
- involved in invasive growth in response to glucose limitation (IMP)
- acts upstream of or within nuclear membrane organization (IDA)
- involved in positive regulation of exocytosis (IPI, IMP, IGI)
- involved in positive regulation of pseudohyphal growth (IMP)
- involved in regulation of exit from mitosis (IMP)
- involved in regulation of exocyst localization (IMP)
- involved in regulation of vacuole fusion, non-autophagic (IMP)
- involved in Rho protein signal transduction (IMP)
- involved in septin ring organization (IMP)
Cellular Component
- Manually Curated
- located in cellular bud neck (IDA)
- located in cellular bud tip (IDA)
- located in fungal-type vacuole membrane (IDA)
- located in incipient cellular bud site (IDA)
- located in mating projection tip (IDA)
- located in nuclear envelope (IDA)
- located in nuclear membrane (IDA)
- located in plasma membrane (IDA)
- located in septin ring (IDA)
- High-Throughput
- located in cell periphery (HDA)
- located in fungal-type vacuole membrane (HDA)
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Essential gene in reference strain S288C; conditional mutant arrests as large, unbudded cells and repressible mutant displays a G1 phase cell cycle defect; conditional mutant affects the polarized localization of Sec3p and Sec5p to emerging bud sites, bud tips, and bud necks; mutants with a reduction-of-function allele have a bilateral cell fusion defect; conditional mutant displays increased chromosomal instability; heterozygous diploid shows haploinsufficiency
Classical Genetics
- null
- reduction of function
- cell fusion: decreased
- filamentous growth: abnormal
- heat sensitivity: increased
- invasive growth: decreased
- mating efficiency: decreased
- mating efficiency: increased
- osmotic stress resistance: decreased
- pheromone-induced cell cycle arrest: decreased
- protein secretion: abnormal
- protein/peptide distribution: abnormal
- shmoo formation: decreased
- conditional
- actin cytoskeleton morphology: abnormal
- axial budding pattern: decreased
- bud morphology: abnormal
- budding index: decreased
- budding pattern: abnormal
- budding: absent
- cell cycle progression: arrested
- cell fusion: decreased
- cell size: increased
- cold sensitivity: increased
- endomembrane system morphology: abnormal
- growth in exponential phase: decreased rate
- heat sensitivity: increased
- invasive growth: decreased
- mating efficiency: decreased
- protein secretion: decreased
- protein secretion: increased
- protein/peptide distribution: abnormal
- shmoo formation: decreased
- viability: decreased
- gain of function
- dominant negative
- unspecified
- activation
- null
- repressible
- overexpression
- reduction of function
- conditional
Large-scale Survey
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
- Summary
- Interacts physically with proteins involved in cytoskeleton organization and mitosis; interacts genetically with genes involved in mitosis and cytoskeleton organization
689 total interactions for 332 unique genes
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Summary Paragraph
A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.
Last Updated: 1999-11-24
All Curated Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, shown as a count of references by year of publication followed by the most recent papers. Click "Literature Details" or "See all" to view all literature information for this locus, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review).
Loading literature…