Homologous recombination (HR) is an important DNA repair pathway that safeguards genome integrity. During HR, the Rad51 nucleoprotein filaments catalyze strand invasion into a homologous duplex DNA. Filament formation requires a conserved family of Rad51 paralogs that act as tumor suppressors in humans. By capturing six distinct states using cryo-electron microscopy, we reveal that the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad51 paralog complex, composed of the Rad55-Rad57 heterodimer and the SHU (Psy3-Csm2-Shu1-Shu2) complex, selectively brings Rad51 to single-stranded DNA to seed filament formation. Rad51 itself is a transient yet integral component of this machinery which binds along the Rad57 subunit to complete a high-affinity DNA-binding site. We also uncover a dual-nucleotide regulatory mechanism: a structural ADP molecule stabilizes the complex, while a second, catalytic ATPase site at the Rad57-Rad51 interface promotes the release of the paralog complex. These structural and mechanistic features provide a blueprint for understanding the function of Rad51 paralogs across eukaryotes.
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene/Complex | Systematic Name/Complex Accession | Qualifier | Gene Ontology Term ID | Gene Ontology Term | Aspect | Annotation Extension | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Phenotype | Experiment Type | Experiment Type Category | Mutant Information | Strain Background | Chemical | Details | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Gene | Gene Systematic Name | Disease Ontology Term | Disease Ontology Term ID | Qualifier | Evidence | Method | Source | Assigned On | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Regulator | Regulator Systematic Name | Target | Target Systematic Name | Direction | Regulation of | Happens During | Regulator Type | Direction | Regulation Of | Happens During | Method | Evidence | Strain Background | Reference |
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| Site | Modification | Modifier | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Allele | Assay | Annotation | Action | Phenotype | SGA score | P-value | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Interactor | Interactor Systematic Name | Assay | Annotation | Action | Modification | Source | Reference | Note |
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| Complement ID | Locus ID | Gene | Species | Gene ID | Strain background | Direction | Details | Source | Reference |
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| Evidence ID | Analyze ID | Dataset | Description | Keywords | Number of Conditions | Reference |
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