NCE103 / YNL036W Overview
- Standard Name
- NCE103 1
- Systematic Name
- YNL036W
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000004981
- Aliases
- NCE3 2
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- EC Number
- 4.2.1.1
- Description
- Carbonic anhydrase; metalloenzyme that catalyzes CO2 hydration to bicarbonate, which is an important metabolic substrate, and protons; not expressed under conditions of high CO2, such as inside a growing colony, but transcription is induced in response to low CO2 levels, such as on the colony surface in ambient air; poorly transcribed under aerobic conditions and at an undetectable level under anaerobic conditions; abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress 1 2 3 4 5 6
- Name Description
- NonClassical Export 2
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi | CGD Synteny Browser
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
View all NCE103 alleles in SGD search
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Carbonate dehydratase involved in responses to oxidative stress and carbon dioxide; localizes to mitochondrial envelope lumen and to nucleus and cytoplasm in high-throughput studies
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
- enables carbonate dehydratase activity (IDA)
- enables zinc ion binding (RCA)
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in cellular response to carbon dioxide (IMP)
- involved in cellular response to oxidative stress (IMP)
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Non-essential gene in reference strain S288C; null mutant grows slowly under aerobic conditions but shows normal growth rate under elevated CO2 concentration; overexpression in Sigma1278b causes increased filamentous growth
Classical Genetics
- overexpression
Large-scale Survey
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
81 total interactions for 79 unique genes
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
- Summary
- NCE103 encodes a carbonic anhydrase that catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide (CO2) to bicarbonate. Intracellular bicarbonate is a substrate for inorganic carboxylation reactions that are key steps in several metabolic pathways, including the conversion of pyruvate to oxoalacetate by pyruvate carboxylase (Cpy1p, Cpy2p), the formation of malonyl-CoA by acetyl-CoA carboxylase (Acc1p) and the synthesis of carbamoyl phosphate by carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (Cpa1p, Cpa2p, Ura2p). Formation of bicarbonate can also occur spontaneously, but it requires high concentrations of CO2 that are not achievable even in actively fermenting yeast cells. For that reason, the Nce103p activity is essential for growth under conditions of normal atmospheric CO2 pressures and becomes dispensable under high CO2 concentrations, such as inside a growing colony or in a closed anaerobic chemostat, where CO2 produced during fermentation cannot easily escape. Accordingly, NCE103 is transcriptionally regulated in response to CO2 levels. Under normal CO2 concentrations, a bZIP transcription factor Cst6p binds to the TGACGTCA sequence located -285 bp upstream from ATG in the NCE103 promoter and stimulates its transcription. Cst6p is known to relocate from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in response to hypoxic conditions. In experiments such conditions are usually created in a closed chemostat, which could presumably lead to elevated CO2 concentrations. As a consequence, it is conceivable that it is the high CO2 levels that trigger the relocation of Cst6p from the nucleus and down-regulation of NCE103 transcription.
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
All Curated Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, shown as a count of references by year of publication followed by the most recent papers. Click "Literature Details" or "See all" to view all literature information for this locus, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review).
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