The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain
S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and
coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that
for other strains.
Summary
ATM1/YMR031C is located on the right arm of chromosome XIII near the telomere between ADE4 phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase and YME2 inner mitochondrial membrane protein; coding sequence is 2073 nucleotides long with 14 SNPs, 3 of which cause amino acid polymorphisms
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
Summary
Atm1p is 690 amino acids long, of average half-life, low in abundance; phosphorylated on S63, succinylated on K62 and K72
Length (a.a.)
690
Mol. Weight (Da)
77546.2
Isoelectric Point
10.18
Median Abundance (molecules/cell)
2092 +/- 820
Half-life (hr)
9.3
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three
Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies
(Molecular Function,
Biological Process, and
Cellular Component), a reference, and an
evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the
literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view
all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
Summary
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter with ATPase activity; involved in transport of Fe/S clusters to cytosol; localized to mitochondrial inner membrane
Functional Networks display how gene products work together in biological systems. The Shared Annotations
network shows genes with similar GO annotations, suggesting functional relationships. GO-CAMs (Gene
Ontology Causal Activity Models) are manually curated pathway models that illustrate how molecular
activities of multiple gene products connect through causal relationships to carry out biological
processes. GO-CAMs integrate Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component information
into unified pathway representations based on published experimental evidence. Click "View GO-CAM at Gene
Ontology" to explore the interactive model at AmiGO.
Click on a gene or Biological Process GO term name to go to its specific page within SGD; drag any of the gene or GO
term name objects around within the visualization for easier viewing; click “Reset” to automatically redraw the
diagram; filter the genes that share GO Biological Process terms with the given gene by the number of terms they
share by clicking anywhere on the slider bar or dragging the tab to the desired filter number.
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable
(e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background,
and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput
(e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and
additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and
evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
Summary
Null mutants are inviable under standard aerobic conditions, viable but slow-growing under anaerobic conditions; null mutant cells accumulate glutathione disulfide, and mitochondria contain increased levels of free iron; heterozygous diploid nulls are haploinsufficient, sensitive to starvation and to the Sir2 histone deacetylase inhibitor tenovin-6; reduced function mutants show increased competitive fitness and chromosome instability
Disease Annotations consist of three mandatory components: a gene product, a term from the
Disease Ontology (DO) controlled vocabulary and an
evidence code. SGD provides manually curated DO Annotations derived from the
literature. Click "Disease Details" to view all Disease information and evidence for this locus as well
as diseases it shares with other genes.
Summary
Yeast ATM1 is homologous to human ABCB7 and has been used to study X-linked sideroblastic anemia with ataxia
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical
or genetic interactions observed
between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the
interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a
reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction
annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
Summary
Atm1p interacts physically with proteins involved in organelle organization and RNA catabolism; ATM1 interacts genetically with genes involved in transcription
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the
given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through
high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO
enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
Summary
ATM1 encodes an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter of the mitochondrial inner membrane that is essential for assembly of cytosolic-nuclear iron/sulfur (Fe/S) clusters. Fe/S cluster-containing proteins are key components in multiple metabolic pathways, where they serve as electron carriers in a variety of redox reactions, donors of iron or sulfur in enzymatic reactions, or sensors of the cellular redox state. The assembly of Fe/S proteins takes place in both the mitochondria and the cytosol, but the elemental sulfur for all Fe/S clusters originates inside mitochondria, where it is generated from cysteine by the cysteine desulfurase complex Nfs1p-Isd11p. For assembly of cytosolic-nuclear Fe/S clusters, the mitochondrial Fe/S cluster assembly machinery generates an as yet unidentified sulfur-containing compound that is subsequently exported to the cytoplasm by Atm1p and used by the cytosolic Fe/S protein assembly (CIA) system. Atm1p binds and requires glutathione for its activity. The transmembrane transport by Atm1p is also known to require the sulfhydryl oxidase Erv1p in the mitochondrial intermembrane space and possibly other components. The ATPase activity of Atm1p and hydrolysis of ATP is presumably needed for opening the channel or driving the substrate through it. Despite the substantial amount of information, the exact mechanism of this transport and the precise role of Atm1p or how it is regulated remain unknown. ATM1 is highly conserved throughout evolution. The human ortholog ABCB7, which complements yeast atm1 mutants, is also involved in cytosolic Fe/S protein functions and its deficiencies cause X-linked sideroblastic anemia and cerebellar ataxia (XLSA/A).
Expression data are derived from records contained in the
Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2
transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result
there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram
bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from
those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and
details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Summary Paragraph
A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links
to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, shown as a count of references by year of
publication followed by the most recent papers. Click "Literature Details" or "See all"
to view all literature information for this locus, organized into topics according to their
relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review).