URE2 / YNL229C Overview
- Standard Name
- URE2 1
- Systematic Name
- YNL229C
- SGD ID
- SGD:S000005173
- Aliases
- [URE3] 4
- Feature Type
- ORF , Verified
- EC Number
- 1.11.1.9
- Description
- Nitrogen catabolite repression transcriptional regulator; inhibits GLN3 transcription in rich nitrogen; sequesters Gln3p and Gat1p in the cytoplasm; contains glutathione peroxidase activity and can mutate to acquire GST activity; involved in resistance to heavy metal ions and oxidants; catabolite repression, induced by limiting nitrogen, does not occur if Ure2p has polymerized to form the [URE3] prion; translated by cap-dependent and -independent mechanisms; contains homology to human GST 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
- Name Description
- UREidosuccinate transport 1
- Comparative Info
-
Sequence
The S. cerevisiae Reference Genome sequence is derived from laboratory strain S288C. Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. Click "Sequence Details" to view all sequence information for this locus, including that for other strains.
Analyze Sequence
S288C only
BLASTN | BLASTP | Design Primers | Restriction Fragment Map | Restriction Fragment Sizes | Six-Frame Translation
S288C vs. other species
BLASTN vs. fungi | BLASTP at NCBI | BLASTP vs. fungi | CGD Synteny Browser
S288C vs. other strains
Protein
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein.
- Summary
- Ure2p is 354 amino acids long, shorter-lived, low in abundance; contains disordered region at N-terminus; ubiquitinylated on K104, phosphorylated on 6 residues
Alleles
Curated mutant alleles for the specified gene, listed alphabetically. Click on the allele name to open the allele page. Click "SGD search" to view all alleles in search results.
View all URE2 alleles in SGD search
Gene Ontology
GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies (Molecular Function, Biological Process, and Cellular Component), a reference, and an evidence code. SGD has manually curated and high-throughput GO Annotations, both derived from the literature, as well as computational, or predicted, annotations. Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- Cytosolic glutathione peroxidase involved in regulating cellular nitrogen utilization via cytoplasmic sequestering of Gln3p
View computational annotations
Molecular Function
- Manually Curated
- enables glutathione peroxidase activity (IDA)
- enables phosphoprotein binding (IDA)
Biological Process
- Manually Curated
- involved in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (IMP)
- involved in protein urmylation (IMP)
- involved in regulation of nitrogen utilization (IMP, IGI, IPI)
Phenotype
Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. In addition, annotations are classified as classical genetics or high-throughput (e.g., large scale survey, systematic mutation set). Whenever possible, allele information and additional details are provided. Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes.
- Summary
- URE2/YNL229C is a non-essential gene; null mutants are viable but exhibit a range of phenotypic changes including abnormal autophagy, altered chemical compound accumulation and excretion, increased fermentative metabolism rate, altered metal resistance, decreased oxidative stress resistance, abnormal protein/peptide distribution, absent or decreased pseudohyphal growth, increased replicative lifespan, decreased vegetative growth rate, decreased acid and alkaline pH resistance, auxotrophy, decreased biofilm formation, delayed cell cycle progression in the G1 phase, increased cell size, altered competitive fitness, decreased desiccation resistance, decreased fermentative growth rate, increased heat sensitivity, decreased killer toxin resistance, increased stress resistance, decreased telomere length, altered toxin resistance, decreased utilization rates of nitrogen and phosphorus sources, and abnormal vacuolar morphology. Overexpression of URE2 results in increased filamentous growth, altered metal resistance, altered resistance to chemicals, increased toxin resistance, and decreased UV resistance.
Classical Genetics
- null
- autophagy: abnormal
- chemical compound accumulation: decreased
- chemical compound accumulation: increased
- fermentative metabolism: increased rate
- metal resistance: decreased
- metal resistance: increased
- oxidative stress resistance: decreased
- oxidative stress resistance: increased
- protein/peptide distribution: abnormal
- pseudohyphal growth: absent
- pseudohyphal growth: decreased
- replicative lifespan: increased
- resistance to chemicals: decreased
- vegetative growth: decreased rate
- overexpression
- null
- acid pH resistance: decreased
- alkaline pH resistance: decreased
- auxotrophy
- biofilm formation: decreased
- cell cycle progression in G1 phase: delayed
- cell size: increased
- chemical compound accumulation: abnormal
- chemical compound accumulation: decreased
- chemical compound accumulation: increased
- chemical compound excretion: increased
- competitive fitness: decreased
- competitive fitness: increased
- desiccation resistance: decreased
- fermentative growth: decreased rate
- haploinsufficient
- heat sensitivity: increased
- killer toxin resistance: decreased
- metal resistance: decreased
- metal resistance: increased
- oxidative stress resistance: increased
- replicative lifespan: increased
- resistance to chemicals: decreased
- resistance to chemicals: increased
- stress resistance: increased
- telomere length: decreased
- toxin resistance: decreased
- toxin resistance: increased
- utilization of nitrogen source: decreased rate
- utilization of phosphorus source: decreased
- vacuolar morphology: abnormal
- vegetative growth: decreased
- vegetative growth: decreased rate
- viable
- overexpression
Large-scale Survey
Interaction
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. An interaction annotation is composed of the interaction type, name of the interactor, assay type (e.g., Two-Hybrid), annotation type (e.g., manual or high-throughput), and a reference, as well as other experimental details. Click "Interaction Details" to view all interaction annotations and evidence for this locus, including an interaction visualization.
- Summary
- Ure2p interacts physically with proteins involved in transcription; URE2 interacts genetically with genes involved in transcription
559 total interactions for 377 unique genes
Regulation
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. This evidence includes data generated through high-throughput techniques. Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus.
- Summary
- URE2 encodes a protein involved in regulation of nitrogen catabolite repression (NCR). Constitutively produced, cytoplasmic Ure2p acts as a transcriptional repressor by controlling localization of the GATA transcription factor Gln3p, which is a key activator of NCR. During growth in the presence of easily assimilated nitrogen sources, such as ammonium or glutamine, Ure2p binds and sequesters Gln3p in the cytoplasm, thus preventing expression of genes involved in poor nitrogen catabolism. In the presence of only poor nitrogen sources, such as urea or proline, or under nitrogen starvation, Ure2p dissociates from Gln3p, which allows Gln3p to enter the nucleus and, along with Gat1p, activate transcription of multiple genes required for utilization of those alternative nitrogen sources. Seemingly unrelated to its role in NCR, Ure2p has the ability to form self-propagating aggregates known as [URE3] prion. Formation of [URE3] does have an effect on NCR: by sequestering free Ure2p from the cytoplasm, [URE3] derepresses nitrogen catabolism regardless of nitrogen source.
Expression
Expression data are derived from records contained in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and are first log2 transformed and normalized. Referenced datasets may contain one or more condition(s), and as a result there may be a greater number of conditions than datasets represented in a single clickable histogram bar. The histogram division at 0.0 separates the down-regulated (green) conditions and datasets from those that are up-regulated (red). Click "Expression Details" to view all expression annotations and details for this locus, including a visualization of genes that share a similar expression pattern.
Summary Paragraph
A summary of the locus, written by SGD Biocurators following a thorough review of the literature. Links to gene names and curated GO terms are included within the Summary Paragraphs.
Last Updated: 2005-09-26
All Curated Literature
All manually curated literature for the specified gene, shown as a count of references by year of publication followed by the most recent papers. Click "Literature Details" or "See all" to view all literature information for this locus, organized into topics according to their relevance to the gene (Primary Literature, Additional Literature, or Review).
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