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Pathway: aerobic respiration, electron transport chain

Biochemical pathways in S. cerevisiae are manually curated and maintained in the YeastPathways database. This page summarizes the genes, enzymes, and metabolites involved in the pathway, along with the curated literature.

Pathway Name
aerobic respiration, electron transport chain
Pathway ID
PWY3O-188
SGD ID
SGD:S000249639
Genes
COB | COR1 | COX1 | COX12 | COX13 | COX2 | COX3 | COX4 | COX5A | COX6 | COX7 | COX8 | COX9 | CYT1 | NDI1 | QCR10 | QCR2 | QCR6 | QCR7 | QCR8 | QCR9 | RIP1 | SDH1 | SDH2 | SDH3 | SDH4 | SDH9
Aliases
aerobic respiration (cyanide sensitive)--electron donors
Chemical Compounds
NAD(1-) | NADH(2-) | dioxygen | fumarate(2-) | succinate(2-) | ubiquinol-6 | ubiquinone-6 | water

Pathway Diagram

Diagram of the pathway from YeastPathways. Click "View interactive diagram at YeastPathways" for the zoomable, clickable version.

aerobic respiration, electron transport chain pathway diagram

View interactive diagram at YeastPathways

Pathway Summary

The electron transport chain is the final step of the respiratory pathway, carried out by several large multisubunit enzyme complexes embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane. The net effect of the electron transport chain is to transfer electrons from NADH to molecular oxygen, coupled to transport of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane. The proton transport creates an electrochemical gradient across the membrane, which is then used to power ATP synthesis by the mitochondrial inner membrane F1F0 ATP synthase as well as transport of metabolites across the membrane NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (NADH dehdrogenase) catalyzes the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone, generating ubiquinol and NAD+ In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida glabata and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a single-subunit enzyme provides this activity (Ndi1p in S. cerevisiae). In many other fungi, mammals, insects, and plants, this activity resides in a multisubunit complex, Complex I, which transports a proton across the mitochondrial inner membrane concomitantly with NADH oxidation The succinate dehydrogenase complex (Complex II) catalyzes the oxidation of succinate by ubiquinone to fumarate, generating ubiquinol and fumarate. This reaction does not result in transfer of a proton across the mitochondrial inner membrane. In S. cerevisiae the complex is composed of the flavoprotein subunit Sdh1p, the iron-sulfur protein subunit Sdh2p, the cytochrome b subunit Sdh3p, and the membrane anchor subunit Sdh4p The ubiquinol generated by NADH dehydrogenase and Complex II is oxidized to ubiquinone by ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase (Complex III; cytochrome bc1 complex) in a stepwise electron transfer through the complex that results in the reduction of cytochrome c and the transfer of a proton across the mitochondrial membrane The cytochrome c that is reduced in this step is the product of the CYC1 gene. The final step in the electron transport chain is catalyzed by Complex IV, cytochrome c oxidase, which oxidizes cytochrome c while reducing oxygen to water with the concomitant transport of a proton across the mitochondrial inner membrane

Genes Involved

Genes whose products participate in this pathway, with their systematic names, EC numbers (where the gene product is an enzyme with an assigned EC number), and the gene's SGD description.

GeneSystematic NameEC NumberDescription
COB Q0105 7.1.1.8 Cytochrome b, plays crucial role in electron transport chain
COR1 YBL045C Core subunit of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex
COX1 Q0045 7.1.1.9 Subunit I of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV)
COX12 YLR038C Subunit VIb of cytochrome c oxidase
COX13 YGL191W Subunit VIa of cytochrome c oxidase
COX2 Q0250 7.1.1.9 Subunit II of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV)
COX3 Q0275 7.1.1.9 Subunit III of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV)
COX4 YGL187C Subunit IV of cytochrome c oxidase
COX5A YNL052W Subunit Va of cytochrome c oxidase
COX6 YHR051W Subunit VI of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV)
COX7 YMR256C Subunit VII of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV)
COX8 YLR395C Subunit VIII of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV)
COX9 YDL067C Subunit VIIa of cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV)
CYT1 YOR065W 7.1.1.8 Cytochrome c1
NDI1 YML120C 1.6.5.9 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase
QCR10 YHR001W-A Subunit of the ubiqunol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase complex
QCR2 YPR191W Subunit 2 of ubiquinol cytochrome-c reductase (Complex III)
QCR6 YFR033C Subunit 6 of the ubiquinol cytochrome-c reductase complex
QCR7 YDR529C Subunit 7 of ubiquinol cytochrome-c reductase (Complex III)
QCR8 YJL166W Subunit 8 of ubiquinol cytochrome-c reductase (Complex III)
QCR9 YGR183C Subunit 9 of ubiquinol cytochrome-c reductase (Complex III)
RIP1 YEL024W 7.1.1.8 Ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase
SDH1 YKL148C 1.3.5.1 Flavoprotein subunit of succinate dehydrogenase
SDH2 YLL041C 1.3.5.1 Iron-sulfur protein subunit of succinate dehydrogenase
SDH3 YKL141W Subunit of succinate dehydrogenase and of TIM22 translocase
SDH4 YDR178W Membrane anchor subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)
SDH9 YJL045W 1.3.5.1 Minor succinate dehydrogenase isozyme

Functional Networks

Functional Networks show how the genes in this pathway work together: a graph linking the pathway to its genes and their shared GO biological-process terms and phenotype observables, and the GO-CAM causal activity models that involve these genes.

Shared Annotations

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GO-CAMs

GO-CAM (Gene Ontology Causal Activity Model) pathway models that involve the genes in this pathway. A gene can participate in more than one model, so use the dropdown to switch between them; the model for this pathway is shown by default.

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GO Enrichment

Gene Ontology biological-process terms enriched among the genes in this pathway, computed with GO Term Finder. Terms are shown with the number of pathway genes annotated to them and the corrected p-value.

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References

List of references used specifically to curate the information on this page.

Resources

YeastPathways